Reading
[Working Style]
Expressions
- have a fixed schedule
- outsourcing
- low cost labor
- being made redundant
Do you live to work or work to live?
[Unfair working condition]
- doing unpaid overtime
- unhealthy working environment
- no sick leave
- no maternity leave
- no paternity leave
- inadequate break or rest time
- overloaded with work
- having long working hours
Results
- children do not receive enough emotional support and guidance
- work voluntarily
- low-level work place
there is strong demand for a product
- take industrial action against a company
- go to a [union|trade union]
[STRATEGY FOR SUMMARY]
- Read the summery carefully, sentence by sentence. Understand it. (Try to predict the answer.)
- Look at the gaps. Identify the word form (noun, singular, plural, verb, adjective, adverb). (Try to predict the answer.)
- Circle / square around the scanning words (Numbers, Names, Capital letters, Rare nouns, Rare words).
- Look at in front of and after the gap. Think of synonyms.
- Paraphrasing: saying the same thing in a different way (active / passive, comparatives / superlatives).
- Scan for a start point and finish point.
Young people can upskill quickly.
Young people are very visual literate.
Vocabulary
- get work
- find work
- do the kind of work
- do for a living
- make a living
- offered a job
- take on that
- fire from a job
- go on strike
- make redundant : (not as string as it but) fire
- * redundant : [adjective] no longer needed or useful; superfluous
- working conditions
- independent conductor
- economic recession
- * recession : [noun] a period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced, generally identified by a fall in GDP in two successive quarters
- * recede : [verb] go or move back or further away from a previous position
- a receding hairline
- current economic climate
- gain employment
- be fired from
- unskilled workers
- blue colour workers
- white colour workers
- a highly-educated society
- * director : [noun] a person who is in charge of an activity, department, or organization
- * supervise : [verb] observe and direct the execution of (a task, project, or activity)
- * supervisor : [noun]
- personnel officer
- public relations officer
- * spin doctors : [noun] a spokesperson employed to give a favorable interpretation of events to the media, esp. on behalf of a political party
- * surgeon : [noun] a medical practitioner qualified to practice surgery
- * cater : [verb] provide (food and drink), typically at social events and in a professional capacity
- * catering
- * trade (->physical worker) : a skilled job, typically one requiring manual skills and special training
- refuse collector (=garbage collector)
- * refuse : [noun] matter thrown away or rejected as worthless; trash
- to what extent (=how much)
- multi-tasking
- * spontaneous (positive) : [adjective] performed or occurring as a result of a sudden inner impulse or inclination and without premeditation or external stimulus
- * impulsive (negative) : [adjective] acting or done without forethought
- * sensible (=not crazy) : [adjective] (of a person) possessing or displaying prudence
- visual literacy
- * literacy : [noun] the ability to read and write
- * overestimate : [verb] estimate (something) to be better, larger, or more important than it really is
- * exaggerate (=make something bigger than real) : [verb] represent (something) as being larger, greater, better, or worse than it really is
- * duration : [noun] the time during which something continues
